Skeletal Graphic Organizer

Skeletal Muscle Physiology Worksheet

1.What percent of the body is smooth muscle? 5% to 10%Striated muscle? 40%
2.Name 3 types of muscle proteins. What is the function of each?

Stroma- constitutes about 1/5 of muscle protien, it holds the rest of the structures in place.

Cellular- metabolically active cells

Contractile- essential for contraction
3.What is a myofibril? form longitudinal straitions in the muscle
4.Sketch a picture of a sarcomere. Label the I-band, the A-band, the Z-line and the H-zone.
5.Name the two filaments that make up a sarcomere. I band and A band
6.Draw a sarcomere at rest, stretched out and contracted.
7.What is the sliding filament theory? explains that the thick and thin filaments within the sarcomere slide past one another, shortening the entire length of the sarcomere
8.Muscle relaxation ensues upon the removal of what?calcium ions

Basic Joint Anatomy Worksheet

1.Why is there little to no movement in a fibrous joint? because the bones making up the joint are united with strong fibrous tissue.
2.What is an example of a fibrous joint? sutures which hold the bones in the skull
3.Describe a cartilaginous joint and give an example. where bones are united by intervening fibrocartilage- vertebrae of the spinal column are joined by intervertebral discs
4.What type of joint essentially allows free movement? synovial joints
5.What lubricates a joint cavity? synovial fluid
6.For the following joint types please list the name of the joint type, the type of movement of the joint, the shape of the joint and an example.
Plane joint- synovial, gliding or slipping, slighlty curved articular surfaces, carpal bones in the hand
Hinge joint- synovial, movement is limited to rotate around a single axis, irregular cylinder and a concave groove, elbow joint
Condylar joint-synovial, similar to hinge but also as other movements, has 2 aticular surfaces, the knee joint
Ball and Socket joint- synovial, spherical articulation, movement in variety of directions, the shoulder joint
Ellipsoidal joint- synovial, oval ball and socket, variety of direct, wrist joint
Pivot joint- synovial, bony peg, rotate with respect to the other, joints between the radius and ulna
Saddle joint- synovial, 2 western saddles, articulating surfaces concave in one direction and convex in the other, movement in variety of directions, joint at base of the thumb.

Basic Skeletal Anatomy Worksheet

1.Describe the 4 functions of bones. supporting the body, protecting internal organs, produce blood cells, and provide muscle attachment
2.How many bones are there in the human body? 206
3.What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? Name 5 specific bones in each division. axial: skull,sternum, clavicle,vertebal column, rib cage; appendicular: humerus, radius, ulna, pelvis, femur
4.What bone makes up the upper arm? humerus
5.What bone makes up the face? skull
6.Name two bones that protect vital internal organs. ribs
7.What bone in the forearm is always on thumb side? radius
8.What bone is movable for back muscles to attach to? scapula
9.What bone is also known as the shin bone? tibia
10.Sketch a human skeleton and label the following bones: skull, clavicle, sternum, humerus, radius, ulna, patella, femur, tibia, fibula, pelvis, vertebral column, scapula and rib cage.

Integumentary System Graphic Organizer

Integumentary Study Questions in Text

Critical Thinking Questions: pg. 193
3. As a rule, a superficial partial-thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissue. How would you explain this observation? Because deeper burns destroy your nerves and feelings.
6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when excercising in warm weather. It is important to keep your body hydrated during excercise in warm weather so that if your body gets overheated you have enough water to sweat it out and regain normal temperature.
8. How is skin peeling after a severe sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective? Peeling after a sunburn is protective because it allows your body's new cells to restore your skin.

Review Excercises: pg. 194
4. List six functions of skin. Protection, Sensation, Heat Regulation, Control of Evaporation, Excretion, and Absorption.
5. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis. Epidermis is the layer of skin on the top and dermis is the deeper part of the skin underneath.
6. Describe the subcutaneous layer. It lies below the dermis and is made up of loose connective tissue. It helps to insulate the body by monitoring heat gain and heat loss.
8. List the layers of the epidermis. Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum germinativum.
13. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle. Hair is an outgrowth of proteins and hair follicles are the skin that grows the hair by packing cells together.
15. Describe how nails are formed. Nails are made of a tough protein called keratin which is produced from living skin cells in the fingers and toes.
16. Explain the function of sebaceous glands. They act to protect and waterproof hair and skin, and keep them from becoming dry, brittle and cracked. They can also inhibit the growth of microorganisms on skin.
22. Describe the body's responses to decreasing body temperature. The nervous system signals dermal blood vessels to constrict and sweat glands to remain inactive, then the body heat is conserved and it rises back to normal.
25. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color. The amount of oxygen in the blood-if its well oxygenated then the skin appears pinkish in fair skinned people, if its oxygen concentration is low it appears bluish. The state of the blood vessels- if they're dialated then a fair-skinned person appears reddish, conditions that constrict the blood vessels make it lose the reddish color. And if a person had a liver malfunction-jaundice- they're skin appears yellowish.
27. Distinguish among first-, second-, and third-degree burns. First degree burns are only on the epidermis, they're red and they hurt but they heal quickly and there is no scarring. Second degree burns are on the epidermis and a little bit of the dermis, they're red they hurt n they cause blisters, they typically heal easily and usually dont scar unless there is an infection. Third degree burns destroy the epidermis and dermis and appear leathery and dark but dont hurt.
28. Describe possible treatments for a third-degree burn. All third-degree burns require medical treatment.
29. List three effects of aging on skin. Appearance, temperature regulation, and vitamin D activation.

Word Find

Prefix,Suffix, and Roots Word Find

Anna Stevens

c a r d i o o a i i a o r c i m v l r d e r m a r i y r p n o r e h d a h n s t c p h o b i a h p e d n t n n m o n d i e a s o e a p v g i p i

1. away from
2. towards
3.inside
4.water
5.small
6.new
7.around
8.hand
9.foot
10.neck
11.nose
12.heart
13. skin
14. inflammation
15. love of
16.vein
17. fingers/toes
18. nose
19. joint
20. fear of

Graphic Organizer on body systems

Cell Video

There are 5 basic life functions:
Growth and Development
Reproduce
Respond to environment
Nutrition
Excertion

All living things have certain things in common:
Adaptation to their environment
Sensitive to environment
Reproduction
Cells
They grow and develop

The building blocks of life are cells.

All cells in a human are not the same. Please give examples of at least two different types of cells in humans.

Why are cells not the same? Because they reflect the different functions they serve.

The first person to discover cells was Robert Hooke. He called them cells because they looked like monks' cells called cellula. He first saw cells when he was looking at a piece of cork under a microscope. The cell theory was created by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.

The three main ideas in the cell theory are
Cells are the basic unit of life
All cells arise from preexisting cells
All organisms are made up of one or more cells

Unlike animal cells, plant cells contain the organelles chloroplast and a cell wall. All animal cells are covered in a cell membrane. The function of this is to protect the cell. The different parts of the cell are known as organelles. Each organelle has a specific function. The function of the nucleus is to provide the cell with its unique characteristics. The mitochondria are also known as the power centers of the cell because their function is to obtain energy from glucose by tissue respiration. Storage is the main function of the vacuole. Bacteria are interesting organisms. Bacterial cells do not have a membrane. Instead the chromosomes of the cell are located in the nucleoid. There are different types of transport used in cells as well. Diffusion is the movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is different than this because it requires _________semi-permeable membrane _______________________________ and ____solutes_________________________.

What is the difference between active and passive transport?Passive Transport is the process of molecules moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration to reach equilibrium and Active transport is the movement of molecules which goes against the concentration gradient (low to high) and it needs ATP.

What organelle makes the energy used in active transport?

Is a virus a living cell? No

What is contained inside a virus? DNA and RNA

What is the only life function of a virus? reproduce